Winter driving can be a challenge for any driver. Throw in 18 wheels, upwards of 80,000 pounds of tractor and trailer – along with a bit of unpredictable weather – and the stakes get even higher.
From slick roads to freezing temperatures, the key to staying safe and efficient during the winter months is preparation. Before the first snowstorm hits, take the time to make sure both your truck and you are ready for the road ahead.
Start with a thorough pre-trip inspection
Cold weather can turn a minor oversight into a major breakdown.
Start with the basics – brakes, lights and tires. Check tire tread depth and ensure all tires, including the trailer, meet minimum safety standards. Proper tread provides better traction on slick or snow-covered roads.
Inspect the braking system for leaks, wear or air pressure issues that could reduce stopping power when you needed most.
When it comes to lights, confirm that every bulb and connection is working properly. Use the light test button in the cab to check all tractor and trailer lights during your walk-around.
Don’t overlook visibility
Before starting your trip, inspect your defrosters, windshield wipers and washer system to make sure they’re working properly. Replace worn wiper blades and use winter-grade washer fluid that won’t freeze in the reservoir.
Inside the cab, check your heater and defroster settings to ensure they’re functioning efficiently. A fogged or frozen windshield can become dangerous in seconds.
Conduct mid-trip inspections
Even if everything checks out before you roll, winter weather can change fast. Snow, ice and road spray can build up on your lights, mirrors and sensors within hours.
Take a few minutes during fuel stops or breaks to do a quick mid-trip inspection. Knock off snow and ice from steps, reflective tape and license plates. Make sure your lights are still visible before continuing your trip.
Packing for the unexpected
Keep an emergency supply kit in the cab, especially if your routes take you through remote or cold-weather regions.
- Extra water and nonperishable snacks
- Spare clothes and warm layers, especially extra socks
- Flashlight and extra batteries
- Ice scraper, small shovel, and traction aids
Weather can change quickly across regions. You might start your day in mild temperatures and end it in freezing rain or snow. Be sure to review weather reports before you depart and plan extra stopping options in case conditions worsen or routes close unexpectedly.
Communication and planning
Keep your dispatcher informed of road conditions, weather changes or any unexpected delays. Sharing this information allows them to update shippers and receivers and adjust schedules as needed.
When building your trip plan, include alternative rest stops and fuel locations, especially if your route crosses into colder climates.
When in doubt, wait it out
No load is worth risking your safety. If road conditions become unsafe, find a truck stop, rest area or terminal to wait it out. Avoid stopping on the shoulder, where low visibility and icy conditions increase your risk of being struck by passing traffic.
Use downtime to rest, check the weather forecast and re-inspect your truck before heading back out.
Go deeper
We put together a video a few years ago that outlines key questions to ask yourself before and during winter driving. Here’s a link: https://youtu.be/Zms9pOeZicg
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